Aiming at the problem that hyperspectral unmixing based on Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is easy to fall into local minimum and greatly affected by initial value, a linear unmixing algorithm based on Sparse and Orthogonal constrained Non-negative Matrix Factorization (SONMF) was proposed. Firstly, based on the traditional NMF hyperspectral linear unmixing method, the physical and chemical properties of the hyperspectral data was analyzed. Then the sparsity of the abundance and the independence of the endmember were combined together, two methods of Sparse Non-negative Matrix Factorization (SNMF) and Orthogonal Non-negative Matrix Factorization (ONMF) were combined and applied into hyperspectral unmixing. The experiments on simulation data and real data show that, compared with the three reference unmixing algorithms of Vertex Component Analysis (VCA), SNMF and ONMF, the proposed algorithm has improved the performance of linear unmixing, in which the Spectral Angle Distance (SAD) is reduced by 0.012 to 0.145. SONMF can combine the advantages of the two constraints to make up for the lack the expression of hyperspectral data by traditional NMF based linear unmixing methods, and achieve good results.

Concerning the single function of single watermark algorithm, a multi-purpose watermarking algorithm for color image combined with Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Quaternion Discrete Cosine Transform (QDCT) was proposed. Firstly, the DWT was applied to the three scrambled channels of a color image, and QDCT was applied to their low frequency subbands and medium frequency subbands, then some of the real coefficients were used to construct a coefficient matrix, and the robust watermark was embedded into the singular value of it by adding principle. Secondly, the image was divided into 2×2 sub-blocks and preprocessed with QDCT. The characteristic fragile watermark was generated by the low frequency modulus coefficients of QDCT and embedded into the Least Significant Bits (LSB) of the space domain. The experimental results show that the robust watermark has good robustness against JPEG compression, noise, contrast adjustment, cropping, rotating and hybrid attacks, and the fragile watermark is sensitive to tampering and has accurate tamper localization.

Aiming at the cross-layer interference between the macrocell user layer and the femtocell user layer and the same layer interference between femtocells in the macrocell-femtocell dual-layer network model, a resource allocation algorithm based on femtocell base stations was proposed. The algorithm consists of two parts:the one is that, the Macrocell base station firstly used the improved difference method, set the virtual Macro User Equipment (MUE), and turned it into a balanced assignment problem and allocated the channel to the macrocell user, and then used water-filling algorithm for power allocation to ensure the transmission of macrocell users. The other part is that, on the basis of guaranteeing the service quality of the macrocell users, an Enhanced Ant Colony Optimization (EACO) algorithm was adopted to group the femtocells after setting the pheromone concentration range, which avoided the possibility that the original ant colony algorithm may fall into a local optimum. Then, a heuristic algorithm and a distributed power allocation algorithm were used to allocate the channel and power to the Femto User Equipment (FUE) respectively. The spectral efficiency was maximized under the data rate requirement of the femtocell users. The simulation results show that EACO effectively suppresses cross-layer interference and same-level interference, which can guarantee the data rate requirement of users and improve the efficiency of network spectrum effectively.

A new method for embedding watermark in color image which combined Quaternion Discrete Cosine Transform (QDCT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) was proposed. First of all, binary watermark was preprocessed with the help of the Arnold scrambling application and the color image was made block QDCT and SVD by using quaternion theory. Then, a number of image blocks were selected at random by Logistic mapping to realize the embedding of watermark. The experimental results show that this method has strong anti-JPEG compression as well as better robustness to various kinds of noise and filtering.